MONKEYPOX VIRUS: A REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
Keywords:
Monkeypox; MPXV; public health; epidemiology; zoonotic transmission; vaccination, Central Africa; disease management; socio-economic factors; global health security.Abstract
This review explores the epidemiology and molecular mechanisms of the Monkeypox virus (MPXV), with a focus on its spread beyond Africa to regions like Europe. Data shows a high number of cases among individuals aged 25–34, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions and education. The virus is linked to both zoonotic reservoirs (mainly rodents) and human-to-human transmission, with around 60% of cases resulting from direct contact. This underscores the interplay between environmental factors and public health systems, emphasizing the need for effective surveillance and coordinated global response strategies. The review also highlights the importance of vaccination campaigns and public awareness to reduce transmission, especially in high-risk populations. Finally, it calls for further research into socio-demographic factors, healthcare system resilience, and global health security to better manage future outbreaks.
